Chart maker

Six charts. Each with
a job it is right for.

Give it numbers and it draws the chart the numbers are asking for — labelled, in your colours, at the size the sheet needs. Below is the whole catalogue, and the rule each one follows.

Ranked bars

The default, and it deserves to be. Length is the quantity people compare most accurately.

Reach for it when

  • Comparing categories that have no natural order
  • Any ranking — top regions, top sources, top costs
  • Up to about eight items before it becomes a list

Do not

  • Change over time (use a line)
  • Parts of a whole where the total matters (use a donut)

Line

A shape you can read in half a second: up, down, or flat with a wobble.

Reach for it when

  • A value measured at regular intervals
  • Showing a trend rather than individual values
  • Two series at most on the same axes

Do not

  • Categories that are not a sequence
  • Six series in six colours — that is a spaghetti diagram
62%

Donut

One glance at a split. The hole is for the total, which is the only reason to prefer it to a pie.

Reach for it when

  • Parts that genuinely sum to the whole
  • Two to five slices
  • When “most of it is X” is the message

Do not

  • Seven slices — nobody matches seven colours to seven labels
  • Comparing two donuts against each other
84%56%33%

Progress

One number against a target. Usually the figure should be big and the bar small.

Reach for it when

  • Completion, capacity, a goal you are part way to
  • A single headline percentage
  • Three or four tracked side by side

Do not

  • Numbers with no ceiling — a percentage needs a 100%
  • Decorating a figure that would read fine on its own

Comparison

Two or three options judged on the same rows. Reading across a row beats reading between two charts.

Reach for it when

  • Us versus them, plan A versus plan B, before versus after
  • Rows that mean the same thing for every column
  • Naming the columns in a legend above the table when space is tight

Do not

  • Six columns — that is a spreadsheet
  • Rows where one option has no equivalent, which reads as a hidden zero

Timeline

Events in order, on a drawn spine. The one chart where the labels matter more than the geometry.

Reach for it when

  • A history, a roadmap, a sequence with dates
  • Four to eight entries
  • When “what happened when” is the question

Do not

  • Steps with no dates — that is a process, not a timeline
  • Twenty entries at even spacing, which flattens the story

Six ways a correct number becomes a misleading chart

These are checked when a piece is drawn, but they are worth carrying in your head — you will spot them in other people’s charts for the rest of your life.

Truncated axis
Starting a bar chart’s axis at 80 turns a 3% difference into a cliff. Bars start at zero, always. Lines may be zoomed, but say so.
Percentages with no base
“Up 200%” from what? Two to six is a rounding error in a small sample and a story in a large one.
Colour used twice
If green means “good” in one chart it cannot mean “Europe” in the next one on the same sheet.
Too many series
Above two lines or five bars, the reader is decoding a legend rather than seeing a shape.
A 3D anything
Depth adds no data and distorts every quantity it touches. There is no chart improved by perspective.
No unit anywhere
A bar labelled 42 is not information. 42 what, when, out of how many.

Charting questions

Do I choose the chart type, or does it?

It proposes one from the shape of your data, and you can override it in a sentence — “make that a line”, “show it as a donut instead”. The proposal follows the rules on this page.

Can I make just a chart, without the rest of an infographic?

Yes. Ask for a single chart with a title and it will compose a sheet that is one chart — useful for dropping into a deck or a doc.

What can I export?

PNG for anywhere a picture goes, SVG when it must stay sharp or be edited in a vector tool afterwards, and PDF for print. Text in the piece stays real text, so it can be selected and read by a screen reader.

Can the chart use my brand colours?

Yes. Save a brand kit and every fill and tint is mixed from your accent, so a set of charts made weeks apart still match.

Is there a limit on how much data I can chart?

There is a practical limit rather than a technical one: above about eight bars or two lines a chart stops being readable, so large sets are summarised to the entries that carry the point.

Does it do scatter plots or maps?

Not today. The set is bars, lines, donuts, progress meters, comparisons and timelines — the six that cover the overwhelming majority of what an infographic needs.